[Solved] Motor used for elevators is generally.

Motor used for elevators is generally induction motor.

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Concept:

Induction motor:

The motor which works on the principle of electromagnetic induction is known as the induction motor. The electromagnetic induction is the phenomenon in which the electromotive force induces across the electrical conductor when it is placed in a rotating magnetic field.

Types of Induction Motors:

Single-phase induction motors: It is used for domestic electrical appliances like washing machines, juicer/mixers, refrigerators etc. These machines are built in small sizes up to 3 hp.

3-Phase induction motor: About 90% of mechanical power in the industry is provided by 3-phase induction motors.  e.g. conveyors, elevators, large capacity pumps, etc.

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• The speed of the rotor is always less than the rotating magnetic field or synchronous speed.
• The rotor tries to run at the speed of the rotor, but it always slips away. This slip between motor speed and synchronous speed is called slip speed.

• The synchronous speed is the speed of rotating magnetic field which is produced when the three phase supply is fed to the stator of the motor.

• The motor never runs at the speed of the rotating magnetic field, and this is the reason because of which the induction motor is also known as the asynchronous motor.
• since the motor runs at a speed lesser than synchronous speed hence they are used for lesser load applications.

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Note: If the speed of the rotor is equal to the synchronous speed, no relative motion occurs between the rotating magnetic field of the stator and the conductors of the rotor. Thus the EMF is not induced on the conductor, and zero current develops on it. Without current, the torque is also not produced, that's why the induction motor can never run on synchronous speed,

Induction motor runs always speed lesser than the speed of the magnetic field(synchronous speed) hence they are Asynchronous.

2023-02-08 15:35:26

A lift, a vertical transportation system, is used to move people and goods between different floors or levels of a building. The use of motors is essential for the up and down movement of lifts, and in the past, DC motors were often used as the driving device for lifts. For almost the entire 20th century, lifts used AC motors and supplied power to DC motors in a Ward-Leonard system configuration. However, due to the poor torque characteristics of DC motors, they caused severe bumps during acceleration and deceleration, which not only caused a lot of inconvenience to the riders but also increased the wear and tear on the lift. Besides, DC series motors are also not suitable for no-load starting.

With the development of the motor industry, induction motors have gradually entered the market, and the appearance of induction motors has changed many of the problems caused by DC motors in the past. Nowadays, lifts generally use three-phase induction motors with inverter-driven electronic control devices, and some lifts may also use systems with permanent magnet DC motors, and some may use commutator-type DC motors with electronic control. For some lifts with low floors, such as two to three floors, a simple single-phase or three-phase drive hydraulic pump is sufficient.

Advantages of induction motors

1. Simple and stable structure, therefore they are reliable and easy to maintain.
2. It can be easily controlled by changing the frequency and voltage of the power supply.
3. it can be used with a variable frequency drive (VFD) to control the speed and torque of the motor, thus providing an energy-saving solution.

Conclusion

In general, lifts in the modern world often use three-phase induction motors, but some lifts use other types of motors. If you are wondering which motor you should use, you should consider a combination of the method and reliability of controlling start, speed, torque, and stop, as well as the other features and characteristics of the motor.

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